| ZO 492 | External Learning Experience | UNITS: 1-6 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Sophomore standing |
| A learning experience in agriculture and life sciences within an academic framework that utilizes facilities and resources which are external to the campus. Contact and arrangements with prospective employers must be initiated by student and approved by a faculty adviser, the prospective employer and the departmental teaching coordinator prior to the experience. |
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| ZO 493 | Special Problems/Research Exploration | UNITS: 1-6 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Sophomore standing |
| A learning experience in agriculture and life sciences within an academic framework that utilizes campus facilities and resources. Contact and arrangements with prospective employers must be initiated by student and approved by a faculty adviser, the prospective employer, the departmental teaching coordinator prior to the experience. |
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| ZO 495 | Special Topics in Zoology | UNITS: 1-3 - Offered in Fall and Spring |
| Offered as needed for development of new courses in various areas of zoology. |
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| ZO 501 | Ornithology | UNITS: 4 - Offered in Spring Only, Offered Alternate Odd Years |
| Prerequisite: BIO 181, BIO 183, and (BIO 250 or BIO/PB 360) |
| The biology of birds. Lecture topics include evolution, functional morphology, physiology, ecology and behavior. Field and museum laboratories emphasize particular aspects of morphology, ecology and behavior, as well as taxonomy and identification.One coastal weekend field trip required. |
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| ZO (PHY) 503 | General Physiology I | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Fall Only |
| Prerequisite: Senior standing or Graduate standing, the following courses are recommended: ZO 421, BCH 451, a yr. of physics |
| Discussion of general principles of homeostasis, emphasizing importance of integrative action. Following systems studied: muscular, cardiovascular and nervous systems. |
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| ZO (PHY) 504 | General Physiology II | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Spring Only |
| Prerequisite: PHY (ZO) 503 |
| Discussion of general principles of homeostasis, emphasizing importance of integrative action. Following systems studied: alimentary, renal, respiratory and endocrine systems. |
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| ZO (ENT) 509 | Biology of Aquatic Insects | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Spring Only, Offered Alternate Odd Years |
| Prerequisite: ENT 425 |
| Life history descriptions and identification of aquatic insects. Emphasis on behavioral and physiological adaptations to diverse habitats and the role of insects in aquatic ecosystem function and as indicators of water quality. |
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| ZO 512 | Animal Symbiosis | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Spring Only, Offered Alternate Odd Years |
| Prerequisite: 12 hrs. of biology and zoology |
| Symbiotic associations of animals including mutualism, commensalism and parasitism. The morphological, physiological, behavioral and ecological adaptations of symbionts and the complex interactions between partner species. |
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| ZO 513 | Comparative Physiology | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Fall Only, Offered Alternate Odd Years |
| Prerequisite: ZO 421 |
| Comparative study of the organ systems of vertebrates and physiological processes involved in maintaining homeostatic state. Various compensatory mechanisms employed during environmental stress included. |
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| ZO (FW) 515 | Fish Physiology | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Fall Only, Offered Alternate Odd Years |
| Prerequisite: GN 411, ZO 420, 421, 441 |
| The biology of fishes: physiology, anatomy, endocrinology, behavior and genetics. Designed especially for graduate students in fisheries. Several trips to research laboratories taken. |
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| ZO (BIO) 518 | Experience and the Brain | UNITS: 3 |
| Prerequisite: BIO 488 or ZO 588 |
| This seminar considers how an individual's behavioral interactions with the world (i.e., experience) can alter the structure and/or function of the adult brain. Emphasis will be on reading and critically discussing the primary research literature. |
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| ZO 519 | Limnology | UNITS: 4 - Offered in Fall Only |
| Prerequisite: Graduate standing |
| Structure and function of lakes and ponds, including physical, chemical and biological controls of productivity and species composition of aquatic plants and animals and effects of pollution on water quality. One local weekend field trip required.Credit in both ZO 419 and ZO 519 is not allowed. |
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| ZO 522 | Biological Clocks | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Spring Only |
| Prerequisite: Graduate standing |
| The anatomy, physiology and development of biological clocks in a variety of organisms, including humans. Required readings in primary literature. |
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| ZO (PHY) (PO) 524 | Comparative Endocrinology | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Spring Only |
| Prerequisite: BIO 421 or PO 405 |
| Basic concepts of endocrinology, including functions of major endocrine glands involved in processes of growth, metabolism and reproduction. |
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| ZO 542 | Herpetology | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Spring Only, Offered Alternate Even Years |
| Prerequisite: ZO 250 and ZO 421 |
| The biology of the amphibians and reptiles: systematics, life history, anatomy, behavior, physiology and ecology. |
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| ZO 544 | Mammalogy | UNITS: 4 - Offered in Fall Only |
| Prerequisite: BIO 250 |
| The biology of mammals: evolution, functional morphology, reproduction, behavior, ecology, population biology, classification and identification. One weekend field trip planned. |
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| ZO (MEA) 549 | Principles of Biological Oceanography | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Fall Only |
| Prerequisite: BIO 181 |
| Environmental dependencies, biological productivity, and trophic relationships in plankton, nekton and benthos; Sampling methods and experimental design; Human impacts on marine systems.Credit is not allowed for both MEA 449 and MEA(ZO)549. |
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| ZO (FW) 553 | Principles Of Wildlife Science | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Spring Only |
| Prerequisite: BIO 260 or BIO/PB 360 |
| The principles of wildlife management and their application studied in the laboratory and in the field. |
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| ZO (ENT) 582 | Medical and Veterinary Entomology | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Spring Only, Offered Alternate Even Years |
| Prerequisite: ENT 425 and ZO 315 |
| The morphology, taxonomy, biology and control of the arthropod parasites and disease vectors of man and animals. The ecology and behavior of vectors in relation to disease transmission and control. |
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| ZO (FW) 586 | Aquaculture I | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Fall Only, Offered Alternate Even Years |
| Prerequisite: BO 360, Senior standing or Graduate standing |
| Biological and general principles of aquaculture. Emphasis on the present status of aquaculture, species involved, techniques employed, and problems encountered. Discussion of recent advances in research and development and identification of areas of future research and development. |
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| ZO (FW) 587 | Aquaculture I Laboratory | UNITS: 1 - Offered in Fall Only, Offered Alternate Even Years |
| Prerequisite: BO 360 or ZO 260, Senior standing or Graduate standing, Corequisite: ZO 586 |
| Methods and techniques of cultivating aquatic organisms. Field trips and reports on local hatcheries and facilities required. (Three to four overnight field trips taken on week days to coastal areas, state hatcheries, and private hatcheries; students responsible for shared room costs and their meals. Four field trips also taken on laboratory day within driving range of Raleigh.) |
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| ZO 588 | Neurobiology | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Fall Only |
| Prerequisite: BIO 250 or BIO 212 and Graduate standing |
| Overview of the neurosciences, with a focus on fundamental principles in the function, structure, and development of the nervous system. Topics include neuroanatomy, electrical signaling, synaptic transmission, sensory and motor systems, neural development, neural plasticity, and complex brain function. Multiple levels of anaylsis, from molecular to behavioral, with an emphasis on the mammalian nervous system.Students may not receive credit for both BIO 488 and ZO 588 |
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| ZO 592 | Topical Problems | UNITS: 1-3 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Organized, formal lectures and discussion of a special topic. |
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| ZO 601 | Seminar | UNITS: 1 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| The presentation and defense of original research and current literature. |
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| ZO (ANS) (CBS) (PHY) 602 | Seminar In Biology Of Reproduction | UNITS: 2 - Offered in Spring Only |
| Prerequisite: ANS(PHY) 702 |
| Current topics in animal reproduction presented by reproductive physiologists from various Research Triangle institutions. Student presentations of research projects or library projects in area of animal reproduction. |
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| ZO 624 | Topical Problems | UNITS: 1-3 - Offered in Fall and Spring |
| Organized, formal lectures and discussion of a special topic. |
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| ZO 631 | Special Topics | UNITS: 1-6 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Twelve hours ZO |
| A directed individual investigation of a particular problem in zoology, accompanied by a review of the pertinent literature. A maximum of three hours allowed toward master's degree. |
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| ZO 685 | Master's Supervised Teaching | UNITS: 1-3 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Master's student |
| Teaching experience under the mentorship of faculty who assist the student in planning for the teaching assignment, observe and provide feedback to the student during the teaching assignment, and evaluate the student upon completion of the assignment. |
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| ZO 688 | Non-Thesis Masters Continuous Registration - Half Time Registration | UNITS: 1 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Master's student |
| For students in non-thesis master's programs who have completed all credit hour requirements for their degree but need to maintain half-time continuous registration to complete incomplete grades, projects, final master's exam, etc. |
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| ZO 689 | Non-Thesis Master Continuous Registration - Full Time Registration | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Master's student |
| For students in non-thesis master's programs who have completed all credit hour requirements for their degree but need to maintain full-time continuous registration to complete incomplete grades, projects, final master's exam, etc. Students may register for this course a maximum of one semester. |
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| ZO 690 | Master's Examination | UNITS: 1-6 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Master's student |
| For students in non thesis master's programs who have completed all other requirements of the degree except preparing for and taking the final master's exam. |
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| ZO 693 | Master's Supervised Research | UNITS: 1-9 - Offered in Fall and Spring |
| Prerequisite: Master's student |
| Instruction in research and research under the mentorship of a member of the Graduate Faculty. |
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| ZO 695 | Master's Thesis Research | UNITS: 1-9 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Master's student |
| Thesis research. |
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| ZO 696 | Summer Thesis Research | UNITS: 1 - Offered in Summer |
| Prerequisite: Master's student |
| For graduate students whose programs of work specify no formal course work during a summer session and who will be devoting full time to thesis research. |
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| ZO 699 | Research In Zoology | UNITS: 1-3 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Twelve semester credits in ZO |
| Credits Arranged. |
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| ZO 710 | Sampling Animal Populations | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Fall Only, Offered Alternate Years |
| Prerequisite: ST 512 |
| Statistical methods applicable to sampling of wildlife populations, including capture-recapture, removal, change in ratio, quadrant and line transect sampling. Emphasis on model assumptions and study design. |
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| ZO 718 | Community Ecology | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Spring Only, Offered Alternate Odd Years |
| Prerequisite: BO 360 or ZO 260, BO(ZO) 760; BO(ZO) 365 |
| Animal community structure and function. Effects of competition, predation, coevolution and disturbance on community composition. Emphasis on ecological and evolutionary controversies from empirical and theoretical approaches. |
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| ZO (FW) 726 | Quantitative Fisheries Management | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Fall Only, Offered Alternate Even Years |
| Current methods for assessment and management of exploited fish populations, including sampling methods, data analysis and modeling. A required research paper or project. |
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| ZO (MEA) 750 | Marine Benthic Ecology | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Fall and Spring |
| Marine benthic systems in deep sea and in shallow waters, focusing upon abiotic and biotic processes regulating density, diversity and taxonomic and functional composition. Discussions of benthic-pelagic coupling, predation, interspecific competition, biogeography, sampling problems, evolutionary trends, trophic structure and community organization. |
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| ZO 756 | Ecology Of Fishes | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Fall Only, Offered Alternate Odd Years |
| Physiological ecology of fishes emphasizing energetics, production and adaptations to aquatic mediums. Ecological classification of fishes and theory of resource partitioning in freshwater, estuarine and marine realms. |
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| ZO 770 | Advanced Topics In Ecology I | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Spring Only |
| Development of subject matter in major fields of ecology through seminars and lectures and principles illustrated by laboratory exercises and field trips. Microenvironment, population biology, community ecology, ecosystems and nutrient cycling. |
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| ZO 790 | Special Topics | UNITS: 1-3 |
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| ZO 791 | Topics In Animal Behavior | UNITS: 3 - Offered in Fall Only, Offered Alternate Even Years |
| Prerequisite: Graduate standing |
| Intensive examination of selected aspects of animal behavior and their relationship to physiology, ecology and other biological fields. May be repeated for credit when topic changes. |
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| ZO 792 | Topical Problems | UNITS: 1-3 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Organized, formal lectures and discussion of a special topic. |
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| ZO (ANS) (CBS) (PHY) 802 | Seminar In Biology Of Reproduction | UNITS: 2 - Offered in Spring Only |
| Prerequisite: ANS(PHY) 702 |
| Current topics in animal reproduction presented by reproductive physiologists from various Research Triangle institutions. Student presentations of research projects or library projects in area of animal reproduction. |
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| ZO 824 | Topical Problems | UNITS: 1-3 - Offered in Fall and Spring |
| Organized, formal lectures and discussion of a special topic. |
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| ZO 829 | Special Topics | UNITS: 1-3 - Offered in Fall and Spring |
| Prerequisite: Twelve hours ZO |
| A directed individual investigation of a particular problem in zoology, accompanied by a review of the pertinent literature. A maximum of three hours allowed toward master's degree. |
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| ZO 831 | Special Topics | UNITS: 1-6 - Offered in Fall and Spring |
| Prerequisite: Twelve hours ZO |
| A directed individual investigation of a particular problem in zoology, accompanied by a review of the pertinent literature. A maximum of three hours allowed toward master's degree. |
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| ZO 885 | Doctoral Supervised Teaching | UNITS: 1-3 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Doctoral student |
| Teaching experience under the mentorship of faculty who assist the student in planning for the teaching assignment, observe and provide feedback to the student during the teaching assignment, and evaluate the student upon completion of the assignment. |
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| ZO 890 | Doctoral Preliminary Examination | UNITS: 1-9 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Doctoral student |
| For student who are preparing for and taking written and/or oral preliminary exams. |
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| ZO 893 | Doctoral Supervised Research | UNITS: 1-9 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Doctoral student |
| Instruction in research and research under the mentorship of a member of the Graduate Faculty. |
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| ZO 895 | Doctoral Dissertation Research | UNITS: 1-9 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Doctoral student |
| Dissertation research |
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| ZO 896 | Summer Dissertation Research | UNITS: 1 - Offered in Summer |
| Prerequisite: Doctoral student |
| For graduate students whose programs of work specify no formal course work during a summer session and who will be devoting full time to thesis research. |
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| ZO 899 | Doctoral Dissertation Preparation | UNITS: 1-3 - Offered in Fall Spring Summer |
| Prerequisite: Doctoral student |
| For students who have completed all credit hour, full-time enrollment, preliminary examination, and residency requirements for the doctoral degree, and are writing and defending their dissertations. |