PLANT BIOLOGY - PB

PB 101Perspectives on Botany1(1-0-0) F
Orientation to modern botany, including discussions of historical background, relation to other sciences, the nature of modern subdisciplines, professionalism and ethics, local resources of personnel and facilities, educational opportunities, and career possibilities.
Course Offerings: sprg


PB 102Introduction to Research1(1-0-0) S
Preq: PB 101
Overview of research resources available to students. Methods of access to current information in chosen area of specialty. Interact with several faculty about research opportunities, develop a research proposal.


PB 200Plant Life4(3-3-0) F,S,Sum
An introduction to the structure, processes, and reproduction of higher plants, including the diversity of the plant kingdom and principles of inheritance, ecology, and evolution. Credit cannot be given for both BO 200 and BO 250.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sprg


PB 213Plants and Civilization3(3-0-0) S
Preq: BIO 125, BIO 105 or PB 200
Economic social, political, religious, and medical roles of plants and plant products in human civilization. Foods, beverages, drugs, fibers, oils, latexes, religious symbols and elements.
Course Offerings: sprg


PB 215Medicinal Plants3(3-0-0) F
Preq: CH 101 and any one of the following courses: BIO 125,BIO 181,PB 200,ZO 150,ZO 160
Plants and their derived pharmaceuticals in Western medicine and in herbal medicine.
Course Offerings: fall


PB 220Local Flora3(2-2-0) S
Preq: BIO 125 or PB 200
Structural terminology of vascular plants, field identification of plant species using popularized field guides, description of plant community types and their soil and topographic features.
Course Offerings: sprg


PB 222Kingdom of Fungi3(3-0-0) S
Preq: BIO 125 or BIO 105 or PB 200
Survey of fungal kingdom. Economical, historical and practical aspects of fungi and their impact on humankind. Mushrooms, molds, mycorrhizae, maladies, and mutualisms. Term paper of students' choice.
Course Offerings: fall WolfWare Info


PB 250Plant Biology4(3-3-0) F
An introduction for Life Science majors to the ecology, structure, function, processes, reproduction and evolution of higher plants. BIO 181 and BIO 183 or BIO 125 ; Students may not receive credit for both BO 200 and BO 250.
Course Offerings: fall sprg


PB 277Space Biology3(3-0-0) F
Preq: BIO 125 or BIO 105 or PB 200 or ZO 150 or BIO 183 or BAE(BIO) 235
Overview of the biology of plants, animals and humans in the space environment, including gravitational biology, aerospace medicine, search for extraterrestrial life, terraforming and life support.
Course Offerings: fall


PB 295Special Topics in Botany1-4 F,S,Sum
Preq: Consent of Instructor
Trial offerings of new or experimental courses in Botany at the early undergraduate level.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 321Introduction to Whole Plant Physiology3(3-0-0) F
Preq: BIO 125 or BIO 181 or BIO 183 or PB 200 or ZO 160; CH 101/102 plus CH 201/202 or CH 220 or CH 221
Physiology of higher plants with emphasis on whole plant aspects including structure-function relationships, water and solute movement, energy sources and needs, plant growth and development, and the impact of plant physiology findings on agriculture.


PB 360Introduction to Ecology3(3-0-0) F,Sum
Preq: A 100-level biology course
The science of ecology, including factors which control distribution and population dynamics of organisms, structure and function of biological communities, and energy flow and nutrient cycling in ecosystems; contrasts among the major biomes; and, principles governing ecological responses to global climatic and other environmental changes.
Course Offerings: fall sum1


PB 365Ecology Laboratory1(0-3-0) F,Sum
Preq: PB 360
Laboratory coordinated with BO 360 lecture, illustrates basic principles of environmental measurement, data analysis, limiting factors, adaptation, biogeography, succession, populations, communities, ecosystems, and competition and predation by means of field trips and laboratory experiments.
Course Offerings: fall sum1


PB 400Plant Structure and Diversity4(3-3-0) S
Preq: BIO 125 or BIO 183 or PB 200 or PB 250
Survey of the structure and diversity of plants. Emphasis on anatomy, including cells, tissue systems, and organs, morphology, evolutionary trends, adaptive strategies, and bases for assumed phylogenetic relationships of fossil as well as living forms. Two one-day weekend field trips.
Course Offerings: sprg


PB 403Systematic Botany4(3-3-0) F
Preq: PB 200, PB 250, BIO 183, Junior standing
The course introduces basic and contemporary systematic principles and methods as applied to vascular plants, with emphasis on flowering plants. It covers classification, identification, phylogenetics, and molecular approaches, and surveys important and common plant families representing major groups of vascular plants.
Course Offerings: fall


PB 405Wetland Flora3(2-3-0) F
Preq: PB 200 or PB 250 or PB 403 or FOR 212
Plant morphological terminology and identifications of wetland plants; discussion of wetland flora, plant communities, functions and values of North Carolina wetland types; several one-day weekend field trips required.
Course Offerings: fall


PB 413Introductory Plant Anatomy4(3-3-0) S
Preq: PB 200
Organelles, cells, tissue systems, and organs of flowering plants and selected gymnosperms. Microscope use on fresh, cryostat, and prepared plant sections. Histochemistry of plant cells and tissues.


PB 414Cell Biology3(3-0-0) F
Preq: CH 223, PY 212, ZO 160, or 250
The chemical and physical bases of cellular structure and function with emphasis on methods and interpretations.
Course Offerings: sprg


PB 421Plant Physiology3(3-0-0) S
Preq: BIO 183 or ZO 160, or PB 200 and CH 220 or CH 221
Physiology of higher plants with emphasis on biochemical, cell biological and molecular aspects of how plants function. Unique aspects of regulation of plant metabolism including photosynthesis, respiration, nitrogen fixation, cell wall biosynthesis, growth and stress responses will be emphasized. The course is intended for students interested in postgraduate studies in plant biology.
Course Offerings: fall sprg WolfWare Info


PB 422Plant Physiology Laboratory1(1-0-0) S
Preq: PB 421
Laboratory to accompany BO 421. Exercises are designed to study plant processes such as respiration, photosynthesis, tropisms, and secondary metabolite accumulation. Basic laboratory procedures in separation and analytical techniques including electrophoresis, chromatography and spectroscopy and at least one library research project will be included. The course is intended for students interested in postgraduate studies in plant biology and in technical positions in plant biology research laboratories.
Course Offerings: sprg


PB 445Paleobotany4(3-3-0) S (Alt. Yr. Odd)
Preq: BIO 181 or MEA 102
Morphologic, taxonomic, geologic and evolutionary relationships of fossil plants; emphasis on vascular plants; discussions of taphonomy, biogeography and palynology. Requires weekend field trips at student expense. Credit will not be allowed for both BO 445 and BO 545.


PB 480Introduction to Plant Biotechnology3(3-0-0) F,S
Preq: CH 221; PB 421 or GN 411 or BCH 451
Introduction to molecular techniques in the plant sciences, gene identification and isolation, plant tissue culture and transformation, and methods for working with single and multiple locus traits. Discussions of the role and potential of plant genetic engineering to solve problems facing agriculture.
Course Offerings: sprg WolfWare Info


PB (BIT) 481Plant Tissue Culture and Transformation2(2-5-0) S, Alt. yrs.(odd)
Preq: BIT 360 or MB 409 or BCH 454 or ZO 480
Basic techniques in plant tissue culture and transformation. Empirical approaches to techniques in plant tissue culture, designing transgenes for expression in specific plant cell organelles and tissues, use of reporter genes to optimize transformation, and troubleshooting transformation. Laboratory sessions provide hands-on experience with plant tissue culture and transformation. Use of reporter genes, fluorescence microscopy and digital imaging. Half semester course, first part.


PB 492External Learning Experience1-6 F,S
Preq: Sophomore standing
A learning experience in agriculture and life sciences within an academic framework that utilizes facilities and resources which are external to the campus. Contact and arrangements with prospective employers must be initiated by student and approved by a faculty adviser, the prospective employer, the departmental teaching coordinator and the academic dean prior to the experience.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 495Special Topics in Botany1-6 F,S,Sum
Preq: 8 hrs. of Botany courses
Individualized study, under faculty supervision, of botanical topics in the student's area of interest and not covered in existing courses. Development of a new course on a trial basis.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB (MB) (PP) 501Biology of Plant Pathogens3(3-0-0) F
Preq: PP 315, or PP 318, or an introductory course in microbiology
Biology of microbes that cause plant diseases. The ecology, genetics, physiology, taxonomy, and mechanisms of parasitism, pathogenicity and virulence of bacteria (and other prokaryotes), fungi (and oomycetes), nematodes, and viruses that cause plant diseases. Prepares graduate students for advanced courses in plant pathology, host-parasite interactions, and provides a knowledge base for students in other disciplines involved with plant pathogens or who seek to broaden their knowledge of microbes.


PB 503Systematic Botany4(3-3-0) F
Preq: PB 200, PB 250, BIO 183, Junior standing
The course introduces basic and contemporary systematic principles and methods as applied to vascular plants, with emphasis on flowering plants. It covers classification, identification, phylogenetics, and molecular approaches, and surveys important and common plant families representing major groups of vascular plants.
Course Offerings: fall


PB 544Plant Geography3(3-0-0) S,Even yrs.
Preq: PB 403, PB (ZO) 360, GN 411
Descriptive and interpretive plant geography, synthesizing data from fields of ecology, genetics, geography, paleobotany and taxonomy. Survey of present distribution of major vegetation types throughout world, a discussion of history and developmentof present pattern of vegetation, and discussion of principles and theories of plant geography.


PB 545Paleobotany4(3-3-0) S,Odd yrs
Preq: PB 400, 403, 413, 544, MEA 423
Morphologic, taxonomic, geologic and evolutionary relationships of fossil plants; emphasis on vascular plants; discussions of taphonomy, biogeography and palynology. Required field trips.


PB 565Plant Community Ecology4(3-3-0) F
Preq: PB 360 or ZO 260
Consideration of structure and function of terrestrial vascular plant communities, with emphasis on both classical and recent research. Measurement and description of community properties, classification, ordination, vegetation pattern in relation to environment, ecological succession and a survey of vegetation of North America.


PB (MB) (PP) 575Introduction to Mycology4(3-3-0) F, Alt. Yr(even)
Preq: BIO 125 or BIO 181 & 182 or PB 200 or PP 315 or PP 318
A survey of the fungal kingdom in context of phyla and classes. Systematics, ecology, biology and utilization. Illustrative material, cultural techniques in laboratories. Collection and paper required.


PB 595Special Topics Botany1-4
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 601Botany Seminar1(1-0-0) F,S
Course Offerings: fall sprg


PB 620Special Problems In Botany1-4
Directed research in some phase of botany other than a thesis problem, but designed to provide experience and training in research. Credits Arranged.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 624Topical Problems1-4 F,S
Discussions and readings on problems of current interest in fields of ecology, anatomy and morphology, taxonomy, plant physiology and cell biology. May be repeated with a change in topic for a maximum of six credits.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 685Master's Supervised Teaching1-3 F,S,Sum
Preq: Master's student
Teaching experience under the mentorship of faculty who assist the student in planning for the teaching assignment, observe and provide feedback to the student during the teaching assignment, and evaluate the student upon completion of the assignment.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 688Non-Thesis Masters Continuous Registration - Half Time Registration1(1-0-0) F,S,Sum
Preq: Master's Student
For students in non-thesis master's programs who have completed all credit hour requirements for their degree but need to maintain half-time continuous registration to complete incomplete grades, projects, final master's exam, etc.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 689Non-Thesis Master Continuous Registration - Full Time Registration3(3-0-0) F,S,Sum
Preq: Master's Student
For students in non-thesis master's programs who have completed all credit hour requirements for their degree but need to maintain full-time continuous registration to complete incomplete grades, projects, final master's exam, etc. Students may register for this course a maximum of one semester.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 690Master's Examination1-6 F,S,Sum
Preq: Master's Student
For students in non-thesis master's programs who have completed all other requirements of the degree except preparing for and taking the final master's exam.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 693Master's Supervised Research1-9 F,S,Sum
Preq: Master's Student
Instruction in research and research under the mentorship of a member of the Graduate Faculty.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 695Master's Thesis Research1-9 F,S,Sum
Preq: Master's Student
Thesis Research.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 696Summer Thesis Research1(1-0-0) SUM
Preq: Master's Student
For graduate students whose programs of work specify no formal course work during a summer session and who will be devoting full time to thesis research.
Course Offerings: sum1


PB 699Master's Thesis Preparation1-3 F,S,Sum
Preq: Master's Student
For students who have completed all credit hour requirements and full-time enrollment for the master's degree and are writing and defending their thesis.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 710Plant Anatomy4(2-6-0) F
Preq: PB 200
Study of plant cells, ultrastructure, cell types, tissues, organs and patterns of growth and differentiation.


PB (CS) (HS) 718Biological Control of Weeds1(1-0-0) F
Preq: CS 414
Concepts and methods in use of biological agents for control of weeds. Primary emphasis on weed biocontrol with insects and plant pathogens. Taught third 5 weeks of semester.


PB (GN) (MB) (PP) 730Fungal Genetics and Physiology3(2-3-0) S. Alt. yrs.
Preq: BCH 451, PB 575, GN 411 or PP 501
Basic concepts of genetics and physiology of fungi, with emphasis on saprophytic and plant pathogenic mycelial fungi. Current literature on evolution, cell structure, growth and development, gene expression, metabolism, sexual and asexual reproduction and incompatibility systems. Laboratory exercises on mutant isolation, sexual and parasexual analysis, genetic transformation, and RFLP and isozyme analysis.


PB 733Plant Growth and Development3(3-0-0) S
Preq: PB(ZO) 414 or PB 421, organic chemistry
Advanced course in plant physiology covering plant growth, development, differentiation, senescence and biological control mechanisms.
Course Offerings: fall


PB 751Advanced Plant Physiology I3(3-0-0) F
Preq: PB 421
Cellular mechanisms and regulatory features related to plant respiration, photosynthesis, sulfur metabolism, nitrogen fixation and metabolism, and signal transduction. One of two courses covering field of plant physiology.
Course Offerings: sprg WolfWare Info


PB 752Advanced Plant Physiology II3(3-0-0) S
Preq: PB 421 and biochemistry
Water and solute relations, influence of environmental cues and plant growth regulators on growth, development, reproduction and senescence, and aspects of stress physiology. One of two courses covering field of plant physiology.


PB 754Laboratory in Advanced Plant Physiology II1(0-3-0) S
Preq: PB 752
Laboratory to accompany BO 552 Advanced Plant Physiology II.


PB (ZO) 760Principles of Ecology4(3-3-0) F
Preq: Three semesters of college-level biology courses
Consideration of principles of ecology at graduate level. Development of each of major subject areas of ecology in sufficient depth to provide factual and philosophical framework for understanding of ecology.


PB 761Physiological Ecology4(3-3-0) S,Odd yrs.
Preq: PB 421 and PB (ZO) 760
Plant community approached from a physiological standpoint. Emphasis upon individual in community and its response to its immediate environment on short- and long-term bases.


PB 762Applied Coastal Ecology3(3-0-0) S,Alt. Yrs.
Preq: PB(ZO) 360 or PB(ZO) 760
Environmental factors, vegetative communities and man's influence on ecology of Coastal Plain of North Carolina. Emphasis on coastal fringe (Outer Banks) and the problems involved in Coastal Zone Management. Course field- and problem-oriented and designed primarily for graduate students in environmentally oriented programs. Two field trips mandatory.


PB (ZO) 770Advanced Topics In Ecology I3(3-0-0) S
Preq: BO(ZO)760
Development of subject matter in major fields of ecology through seminars and lectures and principles illustrated by laboratory exercises and field trips. Microenvironment, population biology, community ecology, ecosystems and nutrient cycling.


PB (MB) 774Phycology3(1-4-0) S,Odd Yrs.
Preq: BIO 125 or PB 200
Introduction to taxonomy, morphology, reproduction and ecological importance of organisms which may be included in the algae. Attention to local freshwater flow and physiology of selected species in relation to algal blooms, water quality and nutrient loading in aquatic habitats.
Course Offerings: sprg


PB (MB) 775The Fungi3(3-0-0) F
Preq: PB 200
Overview of the fungi within framework of a survey of major classes.


PB (MB) 776The Fungi - Lab1(0-3-0) F
Preq: PB 775
Illustrative material of fungal assemblages discussed in BO 775.


PB 780Plant Molecular Biology3(3-0-0) F
Preq: BCH 451, GN 411
Molecular analysis of plant growth and development. Molecular techniques and their application to understanding control of gene expression in plants.


PB 795Special Topics Botany1-4 F,S
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 801Seminar1(1-0-0) F,S
Course Offerings: fall sprg


PB 820Special Problems1-4
Directed research in some phase of botany other than a thesis problem, but designed to provide experience and training in research. Credits Arranged.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 824Topical Problems1-4 F,S
Discussions and readings on problems of current interest in fields of ecology, anatomy and morphology, taxonomy, plant physiology and cell biology. May be repeated with a change in topic for a maximum of six credits.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 885Doctoral Supervised Teaching1-3 F,S,Sum
Preq: Doctoral Student
Teaching experience under the mentorship of faculty who assist the student in planning for the teaching assignment, observe and provide feedback to the student during the teaching assignment, and evaluate the student upon completion of the assignment.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 890Doctoral Preliminary Examination1-9 F,S,Sum
Preq: Doctoral Student
For students who are preparing for and taking written and/or oral preliminary exams.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 893Doctoral Supervised Research1-9 F,S,Sum
Preq: Doctoral student
Instruction in research and research under the mentorship of a member of the Graduate Faculty.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 895Doctoral Dissertation Research1-9 F,S,Sum
Preq: Doctoral student
Dissertation Research
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg


PB 896Summer Dissertation Research1(1-0-0) Sum
Preq: Doctoral Student
For graduate students whose programs of work specify no formal course work during a summer session and who will be devoting full time to thesis research.
Course Offerings: sum1 sum2


PB 899Doctoral Dissertation Preparation1-3 F,S,Sum
Preq: Doctoral Student
For students who have completed all credit hours, full-time enrollment, preliminary examination, and residency requirements for the doctoral degree, and are writing and defending their dissertations.
Course Offerings: fall sum1 sum2 sprg